Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC 2026-07-10T12:50:18Z https://www.michaelarobbins.com/feed/atom/ WordPress /wp-content/uploads/sites/1404416/2023/08/cropped-Site-icon-32x32.png by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[Can My Spouse Claim Ownership of My Business in a Divorce?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51867 2026-06-29T21:10:16Z 2026-06-23T21:01:25Z For many business owners, the business isn't just another asset in a divorce. It's years of long hours, financial risk, missed weekends, and difficult decisions. It's the livelihood you've built from the ground up, and you’re desperate to protect it. So when divorce becomes a reality, one question often rises above all the others: Can my spouse take part of my business? The answer is: possibly. Under Michigan's equitable distribution laws, a spouse may have a claim to some portion of a business, but the outcome depends on factors such as:
  • When and how you acquired the business.
  • If the business's value grew during the marriage.
  • If your spouse contributed, actively or passively, to the business's growth.
  • How much you are willing to negotiate and reach other favorable terms.
  • The strength of your legal representation.
Since 1982, the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins has represented business owners, professionals, and high-net-worth individuals facing complex divorce matters throughout Michigan. We're ready to help you better understand how courts treat business ownership so you know what to expect and what options are available.

How Do Courts Determine Whether My Business Is Marital Property?

Michigan law follows an equitable distribution model for dividing assets in a divorce. Under this model, courts separate property into two categories: marital property and separate property. Marital property is jointly owned and must be divided fairly between spouses, while separate property is typically not subject to division. However, the line between these two categories can become blurred, especially when a business is involved. When deciding how to classify a business, courts look at its origin and what happened to it during the marriage. Three common scenarios arise:
  •  Business Started Before Marriage: The original value at the time of marriage may be considered separate property. However, any increase in value that occurred during the marriage could be subject to division.
  •  Business Started During the Marriage: If you founded the company after you married, courts will likely treat the business as a marital asset, regardless of whose name is on the ownership documents.
  •  Spouse Contributed to the Business: If your spouse worked in the company, managed its finances, or made sacrifices that allowed you to grow it, those contributions can support a claim to a share of its value.
Determining whether a business or its growth is marital property is the first step. The next step is figuring out what it is worth so it can be divided fairly.

How Is a Business Valued During a Divorce?

Valuation is one of the most consequential issues in any business divorce case. Without an accurate figure, neither party can negotiate effectively, and courts cannot divide the estate fairly. Three common approaches are used:
  • Income-Based Approach: Values the business based on its expected future earnings, often using capitalization of earnings or discounted cash flow methods.
  • Asset-Based Approach: Calculates value based on the net value of the business's assets minus its liabilities.
  • Market-Based Approach: Compares the business to similar companies that have recently sold.
Each method produces different results, and both spouses often hire their own valuation experts, which can lead to disagreements. An attorney with experience in business divorce cases knows how to challenge inflated valuations and advocate for an accurate assessment.

Why Does It Matter Whether Business Growth Was Active or Passive?

The source of a business's increased value can significantly affect how much, if any, of that growth is divisible in divorce.
  • Active Growth: Refers to increases in value resulting from the owner's direct efforts: management decisions, acquiring new clients, expanding operations, or improving profitability through hard work and skill.
  • Passive Growth: Refers to increases driven by external forces: favorable market conditions, economic trends, or appreciation unrelated to anyone's personal effort.
Michigan courts often examine the source of growth carefully. Active appreciation driven by your own efforts during the marriage is more likely to be treated as a marital asset than passive appreciation driven by market conditions alone. This distinction can make a meaningful difference in the final outcome.

If My Spouse Has a Claim, Will I Have to Give Up the Business?

Almost certainly not. Courts generally avoid forcing a business to be sold or requiring co-ownership between divorcing spouses. Keeping the business running is usually in everyone's interest. Common options for retaining ownership include:
  • Cash Buyout: You pay your spouse a lump sum equal to their share of the business value.
  • Installment Payments: You pay out your spouse's interest over time, which can make a buyout financially manageable.
  • Asset Offset: You keep the business, and your spouse receives other marital assets of comparable value, such as real estate or investment accounts.
The right approach depends on the business's valuation, the couple's overall asset picture, and what both parties are willing to accept. With proper planning and skilled negotiation, retaining full ownership is achievable in many cases.

How Can an Attorney Help Protect Your Business During Divorce?

Getting legal guidance early makes a significant difference. Here's what an experienced attorney brings to the table:
  • Assessing What's at Risk: An attorney identifies which portions of the business may qualify as marital property before the other side makes claims.
  • Coordinating with Valuation Experts: An attorney works with financial professionals to establish a defensible, accurate business value.
  • Building a Negotiation Strategy: An attorney structures a resolution that prioritizes your ownership while addressing your spouse's legitimate claims.
  • Representing You in Litigation If Necessary: When negotiations break down, an attorney with courtroom experience protects your position.
The earlier you involve an attorney, the more options you have.

Keep Control of What You've Built

A spouse may have a claim to some portion of your business's value under certain circumstances. However, that does not mean you'll lose control of what you've built. Understanding how courts assess ownership, how valuation works, and what buyout options exist puts you in a far stronger position to reach a resolution that protects your livelihood. At the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we've handled the financial complexities of business divorce cases for more than 40 years. If your business is at stake in a Michigan divorce, contact our office to schedule a consultation.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[Can a Divorce Be Finalized Without Court Appearances?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51865 2026-06-29T21:01:20Z 2026-06-16T20:56:34Z Coming to terms with the fact that your marriage is over is hard enough. The last thing most people want is to spend hours in divorce court on top of everything else. It's a common hope: skip the hearings, sign the paperwork, and move on. But in Michigan, that's not quite how it works. In Michigan, at least one court appearance is generally required to finalize a divorce, even when both spouses agree on every issue. That said, there is quite a bit you can do to minimize how much time you spend in court. At the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we've been guiding Michigan residents through divorce since 1982. Our practice is devoted to family law, and our experience spans everything from straightforward uncontested cases to complex, high-asset divorces. No matter your situation, our goal for you is always the same: get you through the process as efficiently as possible, with as little disruption to your life as we can manage. In this post, we'll cover:
  • Why a judge must generally approve and finalize every divorce
  • How an uncontested divorce and Consent Judgment can help minimize court involvement
  • Whether virtual hearings may be available in your case
  • How an experienced divorce attorney can handle much of the process and help you avoid unnecessary hearings

Why Does Michigan Require a Court Appearance to Finalize a Divorce?

Michigan courts must formally review and approve a divorce before it becomes legally binding. A judge cannot simply sign off on paperwork without holding a hearing, even when both spouses are in complete agreement. At the final hearing, the court typically:
  • Confirms that the divorce agreement complies with Michigan law
  • Verifies that both parties understand and voluntarily accept the terms
  • Reviews any provisions related to children, including custody and support arrangements
  • Formally enters the judgment of divorce into the court record
This hearing is usually brief. In uncontested cases where everything is already resolved, it may last only a few minutes. The point is not to relitigate the marriage; it's to give the court an opportunity to confirm that the legal requirements have been met. While you cannot eliminate this appearance, you can take steps to make sure it's the only one you need.

How Can an Uncontested Divorce Help You Stay Out of Court?

Seeking an uncontested divorce is generally the most effective way to reduce the number of court hearings and keep the process moving. For a divorce to be uncontested, both spouses have to agree on all major issues before the case ever reaches a judge. Those issues typically include:
  • Division of marital property and debts
  • Spousal support, if applicable
  • Child custody and parenting time
  • Child support
When both parties reach an agreement in advance, those terms are formalized in a document called a Consent Judgment of Divorce. This document is submitted to the court and reviewed at the final hearing, which is usually short and straightforward. Contrast that with a contested divorce, where spouses disagree on key issues. Contested cases often require multiple hearings, motion filings, and, in some cases, a full trial. Each of those events means more time in court, higher legal fees, and a longer overall timeline.

Can You Attend Divorce Hearings Virtually in Michigan?

In some Michigan courts, virtual or remote appearances may be available for certain divorce proceedings. This has become more common in recent years, and it can significantly reduce the logistical burden for people who:
  • Live far from the courthouse
  • Have demanding work schedules
  • Are caring for children or aging parents
  • Have limited transportation options
That said, availability varies by county and by the nature of the hearing. Not every court allows remote appearances for all stages of a divorce, and local procedures change. The best way to find out whether virtual options apply to your case is to ask your attorney directly.

How Can a Divorce Attorney Help Limit Your Time in Court?

An experienced attorney can handle much of the divorce process on your behalf, and more importantly, can help prevent the kinds of problems that lead to additional hearings. Specifically, an attorney can:
  • Prepare and file all required documents accurately and on time
  • Negotiate settlements and work through disputes before court involvement becomes necessary
  • Represent clients throughout the case, including at any hearings that do occur
  • Explain what to expect at the final hearing so there are no surprises
  • Identify and resolve procedural issues before they cause delays
Not to mention, knowing that someone with decades of experience is managing the legal details can make a real difference when you are already under significant personal stress.

Your Divorce Does Not Have to Be a Courtroom Battle

A divorce in Michigan will almost always require at least one court appearance. That's simply how the law works. But a lengthy courtroom process is far from inevitable. Through an uncontested divorce, virtual hearings, and careful attorney preparation, many Michigan residents keep court involvement to a minimum and reach a resolution far more efficiently than they expected. If your goal is to get through your divorce with less conflict, contact the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins. With over 40 years of experience in family law and a nationally recognized reputation, we help clients avoid unnecessary complications and focus on reaching practical solutions.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[What Professionals Are Needed in a High-Net-Worth Divorce?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51863 2026-06-29T20:56:26Z 2026-06-09T20:48:26Z When you've spent years building wealth, growing businesses, investing in real estate, or accumulating valuable assets, divorce is more than just the end of a marriage. For many high-net-worth individuals, the central worry isn't even the legal process itself; it's whether assets will be valued correctly, whether hidden financial issues will surface, and whether their financial security will hold up on the other side. The good news: high-net-worth divorces are rarely handled alone. At the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we have worked with high-net-worth clients since 1982, and we have deep experience in complex cases. From what we've seen, the strongest outcomes come from a coordinated team of professionals, each contributing specific knowledge to build a complete picture of the marital estate. Professionals commonly involved in a high-net-worth divorce include:
  • Forensic accountants
  • Tax advisors
  • Real estate valuators
  • Divorce attorneys
Here's a closer look at what each of these professionals does and why their role matters.

Why Do High-Net-Worth Individuals Need Such Strong Representation in Divorce?

High-net-worth divorces frequently involve assets that go well beyond a standard bank account or family home. Business ownership interests, investment portfolios, luxury real estate, deferred compensation packages, and stock options all require detailed analysis. Without the right team in place, there's a real risk that assets are missed, undervalued, or misrepresented. The right professionals help ground every decision in accurate financial information rather than estimates or assumptions.

What Does a Forensic Accountant Do During a High-Net-Worth Divorce?

A forensic accountant is often one of the most important members of a high-net-worth divorce team. Their job is to carefully examine financial records, identify assets, trace funds, analyze income sources, and uncover any discrepancies. This work becomes especially valuable when:
  • One spouse has managed most of the family finances
  • The marital estate includes substantial business holdings or investments
  • There are concerns about hidden or misrepresented assets
By producing a detailed, documented financial picture, a forensic accountant helps make sure that marital assets are properly identified before any division takes place. Their analysis can prevent costly errors and give both parties greater confidence that the settlement reflects financial reality.

How Can a Tax Advisor Help Protect Your Financial Interests in Divorce?

Many divorcing spouses evaluate assets based on their face value, without accounting for the tax consequences. Two assets with identical dollar amounts can have very different after-tax outcomes depending on how they are structured and transferred. A tax advisor brings that longer view to the table. Specifically, they can help assess:
  • Tax implications of investment account transfers
  • Retirement account division and early withdrawal penalties
  • Business interest transfers and their tax treatment
  • Capital gains exposure on real estate holdings
This guidance matters most for anyone with significant assets, where a poorly structured settlement can erode wealth substantially over time.

Why Are Real Estate Valuators Important in High-Asset Divorce Cases?

Real estate often represents a major portion of a high-net-worth marital estate. Whether that includes a primary residence, vacation properties, rental holdings, or commercial investments, accurate valuations are not optional; they're foundational. Real estate valuators provide independent assessments that establish the fair market value of each property. Their work:
  • Prevents disputes over property value during negotiations
  • Supports more grounded settlement discussions
  • Gives both parties a reliable basis for decision-making
Accurate valuations become especially important when one spouse wants to retain a specific property or when multiple properties must be divided as part of a broader financial settlement.

Working with the Right Attorney Makes All the Difference

Of course, while forensic accountants, tax advisors, and real estate valuators supply important information, your attorney is the most important member of your team. An attorney experienced in high-net-worth divorce knows how to coordinate with these professionals and synthesize their findings. They build a powerful case by transforming financial data and property valuations into a compelling legal argument. Without an experienced attorney to present information compellingly to the court, the work these professionals produce is just numbers on a page. At the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we have decades of experience coordinating with financial, tax, and valuation professionals to build strong, well-supported cases for our clients. If you're facing a high-net-worth divorce in Michigan, we're ready to help. Contact our office today to schedule a consultation.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[How Can Parents Support Teens During Divorce?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51861 2026-06-29T20:48:19Z 2026-06-02T20:43:18Z Few things weigh more heavily on parents than worries about what their divorce will do to their children. If you have a teenager, you may be carrying a heavy sense of guilt, wondering whether you're disrupting their life at a critical age or creating challenges they'll carry for years. Even if you believe divorce is the healthiest path forward, that doesn't make it any easier to watch your teen have to go through the changes that come with it. At the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we have been guiding parents through divorce since 1982. Over decades of practice, we have seen time and again that while divorce is often difficult for teens, the way parents handle the transition can make a significant difference in how well they adjust. Parents can support their teens during divorce by:
  • Watching for signs that they're struggling emotionally
  • Keeping communication open and honest
  • Giving them healthy ways to process difficult feelings
  • Avoiding conflict and loyalty battles between parents
  • Maintaining consistent co-parenting boundaries and expectations
  • Reassuring them that they are loved and not responsible for the divorce
When parents stay attentive, supportive, and united in their parenting approach, teens are often more resilient than many parents expect.

How Can You Tell If Your Teenager Is Struggling With the Divorce?

Many parents expect tears or anger, but teenagers often hide their emotions or express them in ways that are easy to miss. Watch for these common warning signs:
  • Declining grades or loss of interest in school
  • Increased absenteeism
  • Withdrawal from family or friends
  • Irritability, anger, or frequent arguments
  • Changes in sleep or eating habits
  • Risk-taking behavior
  • Anxiety, depression, or persistent sadness
Not every teen will openly discuss their feelings. Parents should pay attention to behavioral changes rather than waiting for their child to ask for help. If something feels off, it probably is. Once you recognize that your teen may be struggling, the next step is opening up a conversation.

What's the Best Way to Talk to Your Teen About the Divorce?

Teenagers often want honesty, but they don't want to feel caught in the middle of adult problems. There's a real difference between sharing what's happening and unloading details they're not equipped to carry. Effective communication looks like:
  • Being truthful without oversharing adult details
  • Encouraging questions and listening without judgment
  • Validating their feelings, even when those feelings are difficult to hear
  • Avoiding criticism of the other parent
  • Reassuring them repeatedly that the divorce is not their fault
Keep in mind that teens may revisit the conversation many times as circumstances change and emotions evolve. One talk is rarely enough. Be prepared to return to these conversations as your child processes things at their own pace. Also, it's important to understand that while communication helps, teenagers also need practical tools for managing the emotions that come with a major family change.

How Can You Help Your Teen Cope With the Emotional Impact of Divorce?

Even when a divorce is the right decision, teenagers may experience grief, confusion, frustration, or fear about the future. These feelings are normal, and the goal isn't to eliminate them but to support your teen as they work through them. Practical ways to support emotional coping include:
  • Maintaining familiar routines whenever possible
  • Encouraging healthy friendships and social activities
  • Supporting involvement in sports, hobbies, or extracurriculars
  • Considering counseling if needed
  • Giving teens appropriate independence while remaining emotionally available
  • Creating space for them to express emotions without rushing to fix them
Resilience develops when teens feel supported, heard, and secure. The more stable their day-to-day life remains, the better positioned they are to adjust. Emotional support often becomes even more effective when both parents work together to create that stability.

Why Do Healthy Co-Parenting Boundaries Matter So Much for Teenagers?

One of the most stressful experiences for teens during divorce is feeling caught between their parents. Loyalty conflicts can be just as damaging as the divorce itself, sometimes more so. Healthy co-parenting means:
  • Presenting consistent expectations across both households
  • Keeping parenting decisions focused on the child's needs, not adult grievances
  • Avoiding using the teen as a messenger between parents
  • Not asking them to choose sides
  • Shielding them from legal disputes and ongoing conflict
  • Respecting parenting time agreements
Parents may no longer be spouses, but they still share the responsibility of creating a stable environment for their child. When teens see their parents working together, even imperfectly, it sends a message that they are still the priority.

Keep Your Teen in Mind as You Go Through Divorce

Many parents carry guilt about the impact of divorce on their teenagers. That guilt is understandable, but what matters most is not creating a perfect situation. It's about continuing to show up for your child. By paying attention to signs of distress, communicating honestly, supporting their emotional well-being, and maintaining healthy co-parenting boundaries, you give your teen a real chance to get through this transition with greater security. If you are going through a divorce and want to work with an attorney who understands the stakes for your family, the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins can help. Attorney Robbins has been practicing family law since 1982, and his approach is focused on reaching efficient, fair resolutions that protect the well-being of everyone involved, including your children. Reach out to our office today to schedule a consultation.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[Can a Child’s Therapist Testify in a Custody Dispute?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51859 2026-06-29T20:43:12Z 2026-05-26T20:30:32Z When you're fighting to protect your relationship with your child, it's natural to look for anything that could help the court understand what your child has been through and why you should play a large parental role. If your child sees a therapist, you may wonder whether that professional can speak on your behalf and strengthen your custody case. At the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we have been helping parents through tense custody battles since 1982. Attorney Michael A. Robbins brings decades of experience to each case, helping parents build strong arguments with the right tools, evidence, and strategy. A child's therapist can testify in a custody dispute under certain circumstances, but it's not always that simple. Here's what you need to know if you're wondering whether your child's therapist can provide testimony in your custody case:
  • Therapist-patient privilege generally protects what your child shares with their therapist.
  • Testimony may become possible in certain situations.
  • Courts may limit the influence of a therapist's testimony.
  • Other sources of information, like custody evaluations, can be more effective.
Read on for a closer look at whether involving your child's therapist in your custody matter can actually achieve the outcomes you're hoping for.

What Is Therapist-Patient Privilege?

Many parents assume they can automatically access or use information from their child's therapy sessions in court. In reality, communications between a child and their therapist are generally protected by therapist-patient privilege. The purpose of this privilege is to create a safe environment where children can speak honestly about their feelings, fears, and experiences without worrying that every conversation will later be repeated in a courtroom. Judges recognize that effective therapy depends on trust and confidentiality. Because of these protections, a therapist typically cannot simply take the stand and disclose what a child said during counseling sessions.

When Can a Child's Therapist Be Required to Testify in a Custody Case?

While therapist-patient privilege is important, there are situations where it may not prevent testimony:
  • Parental Consent: Depending on the circumstances, parents may have the authority to waive privilege on behalf of their child, allowing the therapist to provide testimony or records.
  • Court-Ordered Disclosure: If a judge determines that information from therapy is necessary to resolve issues affecting the child's best interests, the court may subpoena the therapist to testify or to produce records, despite privilege concerns.
Even when these exceptions apply, courts do not automatically view therapist testimony as decisive evidence in a custody dispute.

Will a Therapist's Testimony Actually Strengthen My Custody Case?

This is often where parents are surprised. Therapists can offer valuable insight into a child's emotional well-being. However, because therapists typically hear about family dynamics from the child's perspective, courts may view their opinions on custody matters as limited or potentially incomplete. Courts understand that therapists usually do not:
  • Conduct extensive investigations into the family's circumstances.
  • Interview all relevant parties.
  • Assess the family as a whole.
As a result, therapist testimony often carries less influence than parents expect when the court is deciding custody and parenting time.

Could Involving My Child's Therapist Do More Harm Than Good?

For many children, therapy is one of the few places where they can speak openly without feeling caught between their parents. If those sessions become part of a custody battle, a child may feel that their private conversations are no longer truly private. In some cases, this can:
  • Damage the child's trust in their parents.
  • Add stress during an already difficult family transition.
  • Make the child more hesitant to engage honestly in future therapy sessions.
Courts are often mindful of these concerns and may resist involving treating therapists unless there is a compelling reason to do so.

What Alternatives Do Courts Often Prefer in Custody Disputes?

When judges need objective information about a family's situation, they frequently turn to professionals specifically appointed to assess custody-related issues.
  • Custody Evaluators: These professionals can conduct interviews, review records, observe parent-child interactions, and deliver recommendations based on a comprehensive assessment of the family. Because their role is investigative rather than therapeutic, courts typically place significant weight on their findings.
  • Guardians ad Litem (GAL): These individuals are appointed to represent the child's best interests. A GAL gathers information from multiple sources and provides the court with an independent perspective on which custody arrangement serves the child.
These professionals are generally better positioned than a treating therapist to help the court evaluate what arrangement is truly in your child's best interests.

Should You Try to Use Your Child's Therapist as a Witness?

It is sometimes possible for your child's therapist to provide testimony in a child custody dispute, but it may not be the most effective or least disruptive path available. Before pursuing therapist testimony, it is important to consider the limits of that evidence, the potential impact on your child's well-being, and whether alternatives such as custody evaluations or a Guardian ad Litem may better support your case. An experienced family law attorney from the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins can help you determine the best approach to protect your parental rights and your child's emotional health. Contact us today to discuss your case.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[What Happens When Parents Disagree on Education Decisions After Divorce?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51857 2026-06-08T19:04:05Z 2026-05-19T18:20:26Z Getting a divorce changes a family's structure, and one of the most common areas of disagreement involves children and their education. Parents often hold opposing views on public versus private schools, or which specific tutoring programs will benefit their children most. This article explains the fundamentals of dispute-resolution methods available to settle educational disagreements effectively. We'll explain:
  • Common sources of educational disagreements between parents.
  • Which party has the final say in educational decisions.
  • How mediation can help parents reach an agreement.
  • When a court may intervene and how it will decide what's best for the child.
The Law Office of Michael A. Robbin wants you to be aware of your legal options and parental rights. For legal assistance on your specific case, contact our office today.

What Do Parents Fight About Most When It Comes to Their Child’s Education?

Divorced parents frequently disagree on several educational matters, usually due to differing values, financial limitations, or logistical challenges. Common areas of dispute include:
  • Public school versus private school enrollment.
  • Religious schooling and faith-based education.
  • Payment for college tuition, tutoring, and extracurricular activities.
  • Individualized education programs, or IEPs, for children with special needs.
  • Relocating a child to a different school district.
These points of contention highlight the importance of determining which parent holds the decision-making power. The answer may lie within the structure of your custody agreement.

Who Gets the Final Say on Education Decisions?

The ability to make educational choices depends entirely on your custody arrangement. Michigan courts award two types of custody: physical and legal. Physical custody determines where the child lives. Legal custody dictates who makes major life decisions, including those related to education, healthcare, and religion. If only one parent has legal custody, then that parent has the final authority to choose the child's school. If the parents share legal custody, then they must make these decisions together. In joint legal custody situations, neither parent can unilaterally change a child's school district without the other parent's consent or a court order.

Can Mediation Help Us Come to an Agreement?

When parents cannot reach an agreement on an educational path, mediation offers a practical solution. A neutral third party will meet with the parents and facilitate a productive conversation between both parents. Mediation provides several benefits for divorced parents, such as:
  • It keeps the decision-making power in the hands of the parents rather than a judge.
  • It costs less and takes less time than going to trial.
  • It reduces hostility and promotes better communication for future co-parenting.
Attorney Michael A. Robbins frequently serves as a mediator in resolving family law disputes before the courts. His extensive background allows him to guide parents toward a fair, cost-effective resolution that serves their child well.

Court Intervention: How It Will Decide What's Best

If parents cannot resolve their disagreement through mediation, the court must intervene. A judge will evaluate the situation and make a binding decision. Michigan courts always base their rulings on the child's best interests. When deciding an educational dispute, the judge will look at several specific factors. They will review the quality of the competing schools, the child's current academic performance, and the potential disruption a school transfer might cause. The court also considers the child's preference if the child is old enough to express a reasonable opinion. Going to court requires professional, aggressive representation. You need a highly qualified attorney to present a compelling case for your child.

Protect Your Child's Future Today

Education decisions shape a child's entire future. Disagreements over schooling can quickly escalate into lengthy legal battles. By understanding the available legal tools, you can approach these disputes methodically and effectively. Reach out to the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins to discuss your case and protect your family's interests.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[Can Child Support Be Reduced if I Lose My Job?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51855 2026-06-08T18:20:13Z 2026-05-12T18:16:07Z Losing your job brings immediate financial stress. When you have a monthly child support obligation, that stress multiplies quickly. You might wonder if the legal system will lower your payments until you find new employment. The short answer is yes, but the reduction does not happen automatically. You must act quickly and follow specific legal steps to modify your court order; a verbal agreement with your co-parent will not protect you from legal penalties. This guide explains the process to formally request a payment reduction. We will cover:
  • Requesting a child support reduction and the importance of acting immediately.
  • The proof of unemployment that a judge will require.
  • Handling payments while your modification request is pending.
  • When modified payments take effect after a judge approves the change.
The Law Office of Michael A. Robbins wants you to be prepared to file for a child support reduction when necessary. Contact our office for guidance on your case.

How Do You Request a Child Support Reduction?

The court bases your child support payments on your income at the time of the original order. If you lose your job, you must formally ask the court to change that order. You do this by filing a motion to modify child support. You should file this motion as soon as you lose your job. Courts generally will not retroactively lower your payments for the months before you filed the official request. If you wait three months to file the paperwork, you will still owe the full original amount for those three months. Once you file the motion, the court will schedule a hearing. During this, the judge will consider your financial changes and decide if a modification is appropriate. The judge needs to see that your job loss was involuntary and that you are actively trying to improve your situation.

Will I Need Proof of Unemployment?

You will need to provide evidence that you are no longer employed. A judge will not lower your child support obligation just because you say you lost your job. You must provide clear, documented proof of your change in circumstances. To build a strong case for a child support modification, you should gather the following documents:
  • A formal termination letter or layoff notice from your former employer.
  • Severance package documents that detail any final payouts.
  • Statements showing your current unemployment benefits.
  • A detailed log of your active job search, including application confirmations and interview schedules.
  • Recent tax returns and bank statements to show your current financial reality.
Quitting your job intentionally to avoid paying child support will backfire. If the court believes you are voluntarily unemployed or underemployed, the judge can impute your income. This means the court will calculate your child support based on what you could be earning rather than what you actually earn.

What Should I Do While Waiting for a Decision?

The legal process takes time. You might wait several weeks or months between filing your motion and attending your hearing. However, the court rarely forgives unpaid back child support, and missing payments can lead to severe consequences. The state could suspend your driver's license, intercept your tax refunds, or hold you in contempt of court. While you wait for a decision, you should:
  • Continue making payments. You must continue making your child support payments. If you stop paying altogether, you will accumulate arrears.
  • Pay what you can. If you cannot afford the full amount, pay as much as you possibly can. Partial payments show the court that you take your financial responsibilities seriously.
  • Keep careful records. Maintain a detailed record of every payment you make during this transition period.
These proactive measures can help manage your child support obligations during a period of unemployment. They demonstrate your commitment to your responsibilities and can affect how the court views your situation. Your financial circumstances may change again, so it is important to understand what happens when you get a new job.

What Happens When Your Income Is Restored?

A child support reduction due to job loss is almost always temporary. The court lowers your payments to give you breathing room while you get back on your feet. Once you find a new job and your income increases, your child support obligation will likely go back up. Your co-parent has the right to file a motion to increase child support once you are employed again. You must remain honest about your new salary and financial status. Hiding a new job or a higher income from the court can lead to significant legal trouble.

Protect Your Financial Future With Professional Legal Help

Dealing with a sudden job loss requires fast action to protect your financial stability. Modifying a court order takes careful preparation, precise documentation, and a strong understanding of family law. Attorney Michael A. Robbins has practiced family law in Michigan since 1982. He provides personal attention and aggressive representation to clients facing complex financial transitions. His firm will help you present a compelling case to the court. Call the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins at 248-646-7980 to schedule a consultation and learn how to manage your child support obligations during this challenging time.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[What Will Happen to My Pet in a Michigan Divorce?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51850 2026-06-08T18:15:47Z 2026-05-05T18:07:56Z Divorce raises many difficult questions. Pet owners often find determining who keeps the family dog or cat one of the most stressful parts of the process. While people view their pets as family members, the law treats them as property. This post explains how Michigan courts handle pets during a divorce and offers useful advice for your situation. We will cover the following topics:
  • How Michigan law views pets in a divorce.
  • The factors courts consider when awarding pet ownership.
  • How to create a pet agreement to decide custody outside of court.
  • Why working with an experienced family law attorney is important.
At the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we want you to fully understand how the courts view pets in a divorce, factors that will influence pet ownership, and your rights when it comes to your divorce and family law. For professional guidance, reach out to our office today.

How Do Michigan Courts View Pets in a Divorce?

Under Michigan law, courts consider pets to be personal property. A judge will categorize your dog, cat, or bird the same way they categorize a piece of furniture or a vehicle. Because the state lacks specific pet custody laws, the court must divide this property equitably between you and your spouse. Equitable division means the judge will decide based on your specific case.

What Are the Factors that Courts Use to Award Pet Ownership

When spouses cannot agree on who keeps the animal, a judge will make the final decision. The court will look at several factors to determine a fair outcome. These considerations include:
  • Acquisition of the pet: Did you or your spouse adopt the animal?
  • Timing of the adoption: Did one person own the pet before the marriage began, or did you adopt the pet together while married?
  • Primary caregiving: Who handles the daily responsibilities, such as feeding, walking, grooming, and scheduling veterinary appointments?
  • Emotional connections: Does one spouse or the children have a stronger bond with the animal?
  • Financial stability: Who has the financial resources to pay for food and medical care?
The judge will consider these factors to reach a final decision. In addition, spouses may also reach their own agreement to avoid lengthy court sessions.

Can You Share Your Pet After a Divorce?

Spouses have the option to create a shared agreement outside of court. You and your spouse can draft a legally binding contract that outlines a visitation schedule and shared financial responsibilities. Many couples choose this route to avoid leaving the decision up to a judge. However, passing a dog or cat back and forth between two different homes can create significant stress for the animal. Pets thrive on routine. Constant relocation may lead to behavioral issues and anxiety. You should carefully consider whether a shared arrangement is truly in the animal's best interest.

Tips for Gaining Ownership of Your Pet

If you want to keep your pet, you need to prove that you are the primary caregiver and the rightful owner. You can build a strong case by gathering clear evidence. Start by collecting the following documents:
  • Adoption or purchase records bearing your name.
  • Veterinary bills you paid.
  • Receipts for pet food, toys, and grooming services.
  • City registration or microchip records that are registered to you.
Presenting this documentation to your attorney helps them argue effectively on your behalf.

Reach a Fair Resolution for Your Pet

Divorce cases involving pets require careful negotiation and strong legal advocacy. Attorney Michael A. Robbins brings decades of experience to Michigan family law matters. He understands the emotional weight of these cases and works diligently to protect your interests. If you need help keeping your pet after a divorce, call our law firm at 248-646-7980 to schedule a consultation.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[What Happens to Investment Portfolios in a High-Asset Divorce?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51837 2026-04-17T14:30:32Z 2026-04-28T14:28:16Z You've spent years, or even decades, meticulously building your investment portfolio. You've weathered market fluctuations, made strategic adjustments, and carefully cultivated your assets. Now, as you face a high-asset divorce, the thought of what will happen to this portfolio is frightening. It represents not just financial value, but your time, energy, and plans for the future. At The Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we have helped clients pursue the equitable distribution of investment portfolios in high-asset divorce since 1982. Making sure these assets are handled fairly involves a detailed, multi-step process. In a high-asset divorce, investment portfolios are typically:
  • Classified as marital or separate property.
  • Professionally valued to determine what they are worth.
  • Divided equitably, though not always equally, between spouses.
  • Transferred or split with careful attention to taxes.
Understanding each step can help you proceed with clarity instead of fear.

Do I Have to Split My Investment Portfolio in Divorce?

The first thing you need to understand is that not all portfolios are automatically split when a marriage ends. The court will determine which assets are marital property, subject to division, and which are separate property that you can retain outright. Marital property generally includes any assets acquired or grown during the marriage, while separate property is anything you owned before the marriage or received as a personal gift or inheritance. Only marital property must be divided. Several factors influence this classification:
  • When the account was opened: Before or during the marriage.
  • Contribution sources: Whether marital funds were used to contribute to the account.
  • Commingling of funds: If separate and marital assets were mixed in the same account, it can convert separate property into marital property.
Clear documentation and organized records are vital for a smoother property classification process.

How Are Investment Accounts Valued in a High-Asset Divorce?

Once your investments are categorized as marital or separate property, the next step involves determining their exact worth. Valuation is rarely straightforward. Market fluctuations occur daily, and illiquid assets like private equity or restricted stock add layers of complexity. To get an accurate picture, your legal team may bring in financial professionals:
  • Forensic accountants
  • Business valuation professionals
The main goal is obtaining a fair, accurate snapshot of value at a specific point in time. This step can feel invasive or highly stressful. However, a thorough review guarantees you do not undervalue what you built or give away too much.

What Does It Actually Look Like to Divide Stocks and Investments?

There are many different ways to equitably divide investment portfolios after they have been properly valued. Common approaches include:
  • Directly splitting shares: This approach, known as an "in-kind" transfer, is often the most straightforward and tax-efficient method. Each spouse receives a predetermined percentage of the shares. This makes sense when both parties wish to remain invested in the market.
  • Offsetting with other assets: In this scenario, one spouse retains the investment portfolio while the other receives assets of equivalent value, such as real estate or a larger portion of retirement accounts. This is a practical solution when one spouse has a strong desire to retain the investments, and there are sufficient other assets to achieve equitable distribution.
  • Liquidating investments and dividing proceeds: Selling the investments and splitting the cash is a clean break. This approach is often used when both parties prefer cash or when dividing the assets themselves is too complex.
A strategic division can preserve much more wealth than people initially expect.

How Do Taxes Come into Play in Divorce?

Before finalizing any investment portfolio split, you must understand the tax implications. While many asset transfers during a divorce are tax-neutral, they may carry an embedded tax liability that becomes due when the assets are eventually sold. This future tax burden must be factored into any settlement to achieve a truly equitable distribution. The type of investment account also dictates the division process. For example, retirement accounts like 401(k)s require a Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO) to be divided. Using a QDRO is critical as it prevents the transaction from being treated as an early withdrawal, thereby avoiding significant tax penalties. Overlooking these tax consequences can lead to substantial financial losses. Careful, professional planning is essential to protect your assets.

How Can I Protect My Investment Portfolio During Divorce?

Now that you understand what happens to your investment portfolio during a divorce, you can take active steps to shield your wealth:
  1. Assemble Your Team: Work closely with an experienced divorce attorney, alongside financial and tax professionals. Their combined experience is essential for managing complex financial landscapes.
  2. Avoid Emotional Decisions: Resist the urge to rush or make reactive trades driven by fear. The market is volatile, but your strategy should not be.
  3. Focus on Long-Term Strategy: Stay on track with your long-term financial goals. The legal process is structured to protect both parties, not to diminish the assets you have worked hard to build.
Financial uncertainties during a divorce are stressful, but the right guidance and a clear plan will enable you to protect your future.

Securing Your Financial Future After a Marriage Ends

The division of an investment portfolio in a high-asset divorce requires a series of carefully managed steps. Each phase, from classification and valuation to division and tax strategy, plays a critical role in protecting your financial future. If you are feeling highly stressed by these details, that is completely understandable. With the right legal counsel, you can preserve what matters most while avoiding costly mistakes that could follow you for years. Contact the Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins to discuss your unique situation and protect your hard-earned assets.]]> by Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, PLLC <![CDATA[How Can Michigan Courts Protect Victims of Financial Abuse?]]> https://www.michaelarobbins.com/?p=51835 2026-04-17T14:28:10Z 2026-04-21T14:27:04Z You know you want a divorce, but you feel completely stuck. Your spouse controls all the money: every bill, every account, every financial decision. How can you possibly leave when you don't have access to the resources you need to survive on your own? It can feel impossible. At The Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins, we understand this feeling of being trapped. Since 1982, we have helped countless individuals pursue divorce in these exact circumstances. The law offers powerful protections to safeguard your financial security during a divorce. You do not have to remain in a marriage because of financial control. The Michigan court system can shield you from financial abuse by:
  • Issuing protection orders that can prevent your spouse from physically harming or harassing you.
  • Freezing accounts or restricting large financial transactions to prevent the depletion of marital assets.
  • Requiring full financial disclosure to uncover hidden money or debts.
  • Awarding temporary spousal support so you can afford basic living expenses while the divorce is pending.
Leveraging these legal tools during divorce is the first step toward safely leaving a financially abusive spouse and regaining your independence.

What Does Financial Abuse Look Like in a Marriage?

Financial abuse is a method of control that can take many forms during a marriage. Before the court can intervene, it's essential to identify whether your situation constitutes financial abuse. Common examples include:
  • Restricting access to bank accounts, credit cards, or other financial resources.
  • Forcing you to live on an "allowance" or to justify every expense.
  • Concealing income, assets, or debt from you.
  • Intentionally damaging your credit or accumulating debt in your name without your consent.
  • Prohibiting you from working or pursuing your career.
  • Using financial manipulation or extortion to control you.
If these behaviors are familiar, the court can recognize them as financial abuse and provide protection.

How Can a Protective Order Help Me During a Divorce?

A Personal Protective Order (PPO) is one of the legal system's first lines of defense against a financially abusive spouse during a divorce. While often associated with physical threats, a PPO is a powerful court order designed to stop a wide range of coercive behaviors, including the stalking and harassment common in financial abuse. A PPO can order your spouse to stop:
  • Harassing you for money at your home or workplace.
  • Threatening you or committing acts of violence over financial disputes.
  • Interfering with your employment or ability to earn a living.
  • Blocking you from retrieving your personal belongings from a shared residence.
  • Damaging your credit or property.
Filing for a PPO at the beginning of your divorce establishes a comprehensive legal boundary while you seek additional financial protections.

Can the Court Freeze Accounts or Control Spending During Divorce?

Another way the courts can protect you financially during divorce is through various injunctions. At the request of your attorney, a judge can freeze specific marital assets to prevent your spouse from unilaterally liquidating them. This can apply to:
  •  Bank Accounts: Both joint and individual accounts may be frozen to prevent large, unusual withdrawals or transfers.
  •  Investment and Retirement Accounts: Access to brokerage accounts, 401(k)s, and IRAs can be restricted to stop your spouse from selling off securities or making early withdrawals.
  •  Lines of Credit: The court can prohibit either party from drawing on home equity lines of credit (HELOCs) or other joint credit facilities.
This preemptive action guarantees that assets remain intact for equitable division later in the divorce proceedings.

What If My Spouse Hides or Drains Money in Our Divorce?

The divorce process itself has built-in financial protections, with the most critical being the discovery phase. During this phase, both you and your spouse are legally required to provide a full and honest disclosure of all assets. If your spouse attempts to hide or drain assets and this deception is uncovered, courts have several ways to penalize this behavior. For instance, a judge can order your spouse to pay your legal fees or even award you the full value of the hidden asset. This kind of misconduct also severely damages their credibility for the remainder of the case. These powerful legal tools are in place to promote a fair and equitable outcome.

What If I Do Not Have Money to Support Myself During Divorce?

Temporary spousal support orders are another powerful tool for financial protection during a divorce. This support is requested from the court at the beginning of the divorce proceedings. It is intended to provide financial stability to the lower-earning spouse during the divorce so they can cover essential living expenses, such as housing, food, and bills. To request temporary spousal support, you must file a motion with the court. A judge will evaluate the financial circumstances of both spouses, considering factors such as income disparity and immediate needs, to determine whether an order is warranted and, if so, for how much. This support is not permanent; it typically lasts only until the divorce is finalized, at which point a long-term or permanent spousal support arrangement may be established as part of the final decree.

What Do I Need to Prove Financial Abuse in Court?

To leverage the financial protections the courts offer, you will need strong documentation. Building a compelling case for financial abuse requires gathering specific evidence to demonstrate a pattern of control. Focus on collecting the following:
  • Financial Records: Bank statements, credit card statements, and loan documents that reveal one-sided transactions or hidden accounts.
  • Proof of Income: Tax returns, pay stubs, and other employment records for both spouses to establish income disparity.
  • Written Communication: Emails, text messages, or other correspondence that explicitly show financial control, threats, or concealment of assets.
  • Personal Testimony: A detailed journal or timeline documenting specific instances of financial control or abuse.
An experienced attorney will use your initial documentation to build a powerful legal strategy, subpoena additional records, and present your evidence effectively in court.

Break Free from Financial Control

Feeling trapped financially can make divorce seem out of reach. However, the law is designed to step in when one spouse holds all the power. With the right legal strategy, you can create stability, protect your rights, and begin moving forward on your own terms. Reach out to The Law Offices of Michael A. Robbins today for help with your divorce and let us protect your future.]]>